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The Persian Army
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The Persian Army
For almost two hundred and fifty years, from the times of
Cyrus the Great to Darius iii, Achaemenid Persian army comprised warriors
recruited from different parts of the vast empire, in addition to a large number
of Greek mercenaries. The army itself was immense, but it was poorly organized
and too heterogeneous.
The Persian army was organized into units of 10,000
soldiers, divided into groups of 1,000, 100 and finally 10. The most important
combat unit was the light cavalry, which was located on the flanks with the
task of surrounding and attacking the enemy army. The most important infantry units
were the archers, tasked with weakening the rival’s defenses with a constant
barrage of arrows, with the experienced Greek hoplite mercenaries located at
the center line.
Sparabara
These Persian shield bearers used light rectangular animal
wicker shields that offered them ankle to shoulder protection. The sparabara
were located on the front line and used 6 ½ ft long spears.
Sagaris
Not all immortals used this double edged battleax; it was only
used by natives of northern Persia.
Felt or cloth mask
Served as protection against wind and dust. The masks were
always yellow, as this color was linked to the king and nobility.
Eye catching uniform
The quality and color of textiles used highlighted the noble
origins of the immortals. Other soldiers wore different uniforms depending on
their origin and social class.
Acinaces
Of Scythian origin, this double edged short sword, measuring
around 16 in, was used for close combat.
